Dicaffeine Malate is actually a combination of caffeine and malic acid. Malic acid in turn is won out of Apple Juice and is a food additive with the E number E296. In green apples, the sour taste is due to malic acid. When cocaine was outlawed, The Coca-Cola Company introduced dicaffeine malate as the replacement. It is a stimulant, much like caffeine, but apparently gentler on the digestive tract. Many traits associated with regular caffeine are found in this caffeine salt, but through the interaction with malic acid, additional features have been observed. Dicaffeine malate is a very common ingredient in dietary supplements, it is supposed to optimize energy levels, increase mental focus and cognitive awareness, but also is able to stimulate thermogenesis.

Methylxanthines (Caffeine) are derived by the methylation of xanthine; an example is caffeine. These chemicals have a number of important effects on human physiology. They are diuretics, meaning that they increase urine excretion. They have nootropic effects because they increase memory and learning. Clinically they are used to ease the breathing process and they serve as a stimulant of cardiac muscles and the central nervous system. The chemicals bind to the heart muscles and mimic the effects of the hormone epinephrine, increasing ATP production and the energy available for heart muscle contraction. Their long term use can however impair long term memory.

PEA (Phenylethylamine) is a monoamine and alkaloid which functions as a trace amine, neurotransmitter or a neuromodulator. Phenylalanine, an amino acid, is the source from which phenethylamine, another name for PEA, is naturally biosynthesized through enzymatic decarboxylation. Compounds that are found in supplements in form of phenethylamines can be very diverse and include entactogens, anorectics, bronchodilators, hallucinogens, antidepressants and stimulants. Substituted phenethylamines are related to amphetamines, but also to dopamine, epinephrine, norepinephrine, phenylalanine and tyrosine. PEA is used by body builders and sportspeople mainly because of the stimulative effects as a neuromodulator, raising alertness, mood, concentration and focus. The additional stimulation of AMPA receptors, which boosts release of acetylcholine through the glutamatergic system, is an additional bonus of this popular supplement ingredient.

Synephrine HCL- Designed primarily to encourage fat loss. This is achieved by stimulating the beta-3 receptors. Doing so increases the metabolic rate leading to fat loss. Synephrine is a stimulant similar to caffeine and ephedrine and it is believed to provide an energy boost, suppress appetite and increase metabolism. The combination of all leads to burning more calories. Studies have stated that synephrine stimulates fat metabolism without the usual negative cardiovascular side effects. The effectiveness of synephrine is increased by combining it with HCL. This allows for increased absorption and more solubility in water. However regardless of the increasing popularity of synephrine HCL, there are still some debates over its over all effects and it being used as an alternative to ephedrine, a substance made illegal by many countries due to the side effects including heart disease.