Acetyl-L-Carnitine Taurinate HCL is a combination of Acetyl-L-Carnitine with the amino acid taurine. It is a combination of substances which have benefits on their own. L-Carnitine has the ability to penetrate in the mitochondria and act as an antioxidant. The mitochondria are the energy house of the cell and accumulate free radicals. By scavenging these free radicals, L-Carnitine spares other antioxidants like vitamin C. It also has reported benefits for athletes by inhibiting muscle soreness and affecting the mitochondria of the muscles. Taurine is also known to be an antioxidant and acts to stabilize cell membranes.

Arginine Alpha Ketoglutarate is an excellent body building supplement that helps in reducing body fat and in building up the immune system. It assists the metabolism of nitric oxides and increases the blood flow and oxygen to various parts of the body and carries nutrients to the skeletal muscles. As a result, the performance and physique of an individual are improved without excessive dieting or using drugs. Many athletes use it to improve their strength and muscle mass. It increases the secretion of insulin and growth hormones and is known to improve the growth rate in children. It is effective in treating people with burns, wounds and those recovering from a surgery. Patients suffering from trauma and malnutrition have been known to benefit from it.

Arginine Malate is a lab created compound that takes a couple amino acid groups and bind them to a malic acid. This compound is also known as nitrous malate, because arginine malate helps stimulate the production of nitrous oxide by the body. Nitrous oxide improves athletic performance by improving blood flow through opening blood vessels. By boosting blood flow, other supplements are more effective not to mention the person feeling better. The improvements in blood flow, as well as the increased efficacy of other supplements leads to improved strength and quicker recovery time after exercise. Malic acid is also beneficial and is found naturally in apples.

Caffeine is the most widely available legal psychoactive stimulant drug. Also known as theine, methyltheobromine and trimethylxanthine, this xanthine alkaloid is not only found in coffee beans, but also in guaranine that is derived from guarana, mateine derived from mate, theine which is found in various teas and the kola nut, which is the base flavor of various Cola soft drinks. It stimulates the central nervous system, where it restores alertness and wards off drowsiness. Caffeine is also know to display certain diuretic properties, is an ergogenic, an atagonist of the adenosine receptors, and a cAMP levels increasing factor. It seems that caffeine helps prevent the onset of Parkinson’s disease and in the long run lowers the possibility of developing a heart disease.

Calcium is a mineral that plays an important role in the development of the human body. It is common knowledge that calcium is important in preventing osteoporosis. However, calcium also provides structural support in the development of muscles. Deficiency in calcium could cause obesity because it triggers the release of parathyroid hormone that stimulates the production of fats in the body and inhibits its breakdown. It also reduces the blood pressure. Calcium also has the ability to fight colon cancer by binding itself with cancer cells to inhibit its growth and progression. It is also beneficial to women suffering from PMS or premenstrual syndrome such as depression, mood swings, anxiety, water retention, breast tenderness, and headaches.

Citrulline Malate is a compound containing Citrulline, a non-essential amino acid which is mainly found in malate, and watermelons. It helps athletes in overcoming muscle fatigue and enhancing performance in sports. It expedites and improves recovery of muscles and energy after intense exercise. Malate is an apple derivative and improves the good effects of citrulline. It participates in aerobic cellular respiration where oxygen and a carbon compound are utilized to give immediate energy. It also helps recycle lactate and pyruvate to enhance efficient energy. Citrulline Malate has numerous positive impacts on exercise performance by increasing the stamina, providing resistance against fatigue, and enhancing recovery and energy levels. It also betters endurance.

Creatine Ethyl Ester aides in enhancing overall athletic performance as well as aiding in muscle development.

DMAE Bitartrate is short name for dimethylaminoethanol. It is becoming popular as nutritional supplement because of its numerous health benefits. It is believed to increase mental cognition by boosting the levels of choline and acetylcholine; these two neurotransmitters improve mental focus, increase night time sleep and strengthen memory. Studies also show that DMAE bitartrate can improve memory loss by increasing blood flow to the brain. Research is also being conducted on its benefits in treatment of Alzheimer and other age-related brain disorders, preliminary results show its potential in treatment of these diseases.

Geranium Extract helps make the gums, muscles, skin, tissues and blood vessels to contract, thus preventing untimely loosening and fall of teeth, muscles and skin from hanging loose, and wrinkles. It can also inhibit hemorrhage by contracting blood vessels. It has anti-bacterial and anti-microbial properties, which do not let bacteria or microbes develop on injuries and otherwise, preventing infections. Geranium extract helps scars and other spots on the skin to fade away and vanish. It aids to blood circulation below the skin surface and also assists in making uniform distribution of melanin. It promotes cell health and also supports recycling of dead cell and regenerating new cells. This aids in growth of body cells and gametes.

Glucono Delta-Lactone (GDL) is produced by fermentation of glucose. It is soluble in water, and is non-toxic and completely metabolized in the body. It is found in fruit juices, honey, and wine. The polyhydroxyl acid GDL is used as a skin moisturizing agent. Hydroxyl groups attract and hold water, and can increase water retaining properties of topical preparations. Since it is an acid, it reacts with sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) to release carbon-dioxide, which enables dough to rise. Glucono delta-lactone is usually used to make cheese, and bakery products. It also helps decrease fat absorption in rolled waffle cones, and doughnuts.

Glycine Propionyl L-Carnitine HCL is a propionyl ester of carnitine with an additional gylcine. It has a lot of benefits particularly with regards to muscle tissues such as the heart. It is a potent antioxidant that scavenges for free radicals and protects the body against lipid peroxidation. It enhances the production of energy by assisting in the transport of fatty acids into the mitochondria. The increase in the metabolism of fatty acids results in the burning of fats for use as an energy source. It also increases the blood flow that aids in the delivery of oxygen and nutrient into the muscles, which is beneficial for maintaining a healthy heart and also muscle formation.

Hordenine, which is found in many grassy plants and grains. Hordenine is related to tyramine and may stimulate the release of norepinephrine to produce a stimulant effect.

Isoleucine- An important essential amino acid is isoleucine which is also part of the three “branched chain amino acids” along with leucine and valine. Since it is an essential amino acid it cannot be synthesized in the body and thus isoleucine has to be ingested in the diet (almonds, chicken, eggs, cashews, fish, lentils, liver, meat etc.). Isoleucine is required for muscle recovery and also for the formation of haemoglobin. Isoleucine also assists in regulating blood sugar levels and energy levels. It is also involved in blood-clot formation. Isoleucine deficiency is present only in those people who are lacking in protein intake. Deficiency may lead to dizziness, fatigue, depression etc. Excessive amounts of isoleucine doesn’t seem to be a problem though it isn’t recommended for those with kidney or liver disease.

L-Carnitine is yet another weight loss supplement that also is an antioxidant and has effects on male infertility, diabetes, and bone mass and fatty acid metabolism.

L-Tartrate is an ester of salt of tartaric acid organic compound. It is commonly used alongside with carnitine. L-Tartrate has antioxidant property that protects the cells from free radical damages which may lead to premature aging, Alzheimer’s disease, and even cancer. It helps regulates acidity ad may help bodybuilders because it decreases the acidity in the muscles. It helps increase the strength and improve the endurance. It promotes muscle recovery and more repetitions which results in leaner muscle mass. It helps burn fats for energy and prevents the build up of fats. It also helps control blood pressure level and reduces the risk of cardio vascular problems.

Leucine is an essential amino acid that works together with isoleucine and valine, forming the three branched chain amino acids (BCAA). Leucine is easily converted by to body to glucose, helping to regulate and maintain the blood sugar level. Leucine promotes muscle recovery, muscle repair and provides the body with energy. It also helps in burning fat that are least responsive to exercise and dieting. Leucine helps in toning the body and the muscles. Leucine prevents muscle loss by breaking down and converting to glucose, this prevents the body from breaking down muscle tissues to create energy, particularly during intense workouts and heavy weight lifting.

Magnesium is a mineral that may be found inside most of the cells in the body tissues and organs. It is important in the absorption of calcium and aids in the formation and development of bones and teeth. Magnesium deficient individuals have an increased risk of acquiring osteoporosis; they also have problematic menstrual cycle such as premenstrual syndrome, irregular cycle and dysmenorrhoea. Magnesium helps in maintaining the cardiovascular health and decreases the risk of heart problems. It also prevents gallstones from forming. Magnesium is useful in the treatment of high blood pressure. It is also helpful in treating erectile dysfunction and prostate problems.

N-Acetyl-L-Tyrosine relates to the supplementation of tyrosine. The N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine is converted into L-tyrosine. N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine is useful in treating depression and mood problems. This is also of immense use in treating blood pressure, skin and hair color as well as Parkinson’s disease. N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine gets converted into the body and is soluble in water. N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine serves as one of the significant supplement to increase the tyrosine levels present in the body because the substances that stay undissolved are un-absorbed by the digestive tract. This contains B-6 vitamin and this is a must for the synthesis for neurotransmitter. N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine is prohibited by the FDA regulations to be appropriate for medical treatment. N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine, in the recent research has come to conclude that it is effective for medical conditions. Even mild stress causes neurotransmitter deficiency and this ends up in sullen moods or depression. However, N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine is useful in restoring skin pigment and also is effective in hair darkening.

Octopamine is a biogenic substance which is containing an amine group, apparently related to noradrenaline, which is a catecholamine functioning as both, neurotransmitter and a hormone. Similar to norepinephrine, which is another name for noradrenaline, octopamine may act as a stress hormone, triggering increased heart rate, energy consumption and blood flow, even the blood pressure. One side effect of octopamine is apparently the release of fat from the adipocytes, which are the fat cells where excess energy is being stored. This side effect prompted the use of octopamine as a dietary supplement aimed at weight loss, but used in combination with other stimulants. Octopamine has been discovered in the middle of the twentieth century, but the use as a fat removal agent is very recent.

Phosphatidylinositol, made up of glycerol fatty acids, is considered to be the most acidic type of lipid or phospholipid that plays an important part in the metabolic process. It is most abundant in the brain tissue. Phosphatidylinositol acts like a transporter that helps in transferring nutrients and energy across the cell membranes. It also plays an important part in the transmission of signals for neurotransmitters and hormones which helps in regulating serotonin and insulin levels, and in reducing the blood cholesterol and breaking down of fats. Phosphatidylinositol could also help in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic disorder, and depression. It also benefits the cognitive function of the brain by aiding in memory enhancing and in treating Alzheimer’s disease.

Taurine is found in high levels in the human heart and skeletal muscles. It is an amino sulfonic acid which is also present in the central nervous system and white blood cells. The human body produces this essential acid naturally so that it helps in absorbing vitamins and digesting fats. This acid reduces the problem of high blood pressure in adults and it is also being used for treating bipolar depression. Popularly known as a health supplement, Taurine has always been used in various health products. Bodybuilders are recommended to take Taurine along with creatine as it can prevent muscle soreness and fatigue. This amino acid is listed as one of the main supplemental ingredients in various energy drinks. For instance, drinks such as Rockstar and Monster, contain approximately 2000 mg of Taurine.

Theobromine, which is a mild diuretic and mild stimulant. Theobromine can be found in cocoa and chocolate products. Theobromine is most commonly used for its diuretic effect.

Valine- One of the several essential amino acids present in the human body is Valine. This is also a nonpolar, branched chain amino acid which is found in high concentrations in the muscles. Since it is an essential amino acid, valine is not synthesised in the body and thus must be ingested as part of the diet. Valine is available through foods like fish, poultry, peanuts, sesame seeds, lentils and cottage cheese. Valine is essential for muscle, growth and repair of tissue and for maintaining the body’s nitrogen balance. Since it has a branched chain, valine can be used as an energy source in the muscles and thus conserves glucose. Hence valine is often used by bodybuilders to support muscle growth and provide energy. A deficiency of valine in the body, caused by the inability of the body to metabolise valine leads to the Maple Syrup Urine Disease in which the person’s urine smells like maple syrup.

Vinpocetine is a derivitate of the periwinkle plant and was developed in the latter part of the 1960’s. It can be used as a dietary supplement, which can be found online.

Vitamin A is used for improving poor night vision, dry skin, and it can help acne. It is also a fat soluble vitamin. Too much vitamin A can cause side effects. An excess of vitamin A can actually make acne worse.

Vitamin C, also known as Ascorbic (a-SKOR-bik) acid, is needed for many functions in the body, including helping the body use carbohydrates, protein, and fats. Vitamin C is found in most citrus fruits and green vegetables and is a strong antioxidant.