Alpha-Glycerylphorylcholine- L-Alpha Glycerylphosphorylcholine, also known as Alpha Glycerophosphocholine, Alpha GPC, choline alfoscerate is a precursor to the neurotransmitter acetylcholine and a metabolite that is acting by mimicking or stimulating the parasympathetic nervous system. Alpha GPC is manufactured from soy lecithin and is a dietary supplement believed to have nootropic qualities. Many studies on humans and lab animals have been conducted and the Alpha GPC was found to produce health effects affecting mind and body. For instance, it seems that Alpha Glycerophosphocholine raises the levels of the human growth hormone, furthermore it has been observed that it also improves mental focus, additionally stimulating the cognitive abilities. As a precursor of acetylcholine, it supports additional strength development through training, improves lipotrophic functions in the liver and seems to aid balance and coordination.

Arginine Alpha Ketoglutarate is an excellent body building supplement that helps in reducing body fat and in building up the immune system. It assists the metabolism of nitric oxides and increases the blood flow and oxygen to various parts of the body and carries nutrients to the skeletal muscles. As a result, the performance and physique of an individual are improved without excessive dieting or using drugs. Many athletes use it to improve their strength and muscle mass. It increases the secretion of insulin and growth hormones and is known to improve the growth rate in children. It is effective in treating people with burns, wounds and those recovering from a surgery. Patients suffering from trauma and malnutrition have been known to benefit from it.

Arginine Malate is a lab created compound that takes a couple amino acid groups and bind them to a malic acid. This compound is also known as nitrous malate, because arginine malate helps stimulate the production of nitrous oxide by the body. Nitrous oxide improves athletic performance by improving blood flow through opening blood vessels. By boosting blood flow, other supplements are more effective not to mention the person feeling better. The improvements in blood flow, as well as the increased efficacy of other supplements leads to improved strength and quicker recovery time after exercise. Malic acid is also beneficial and is found naturally in apples.

Ascorbic Acid is more commonly known as vitamin C. Vitamin C is well known for its powerful ability to help boost the immune system as well as fight off damage causing free radicals. As an anti-oxidant, Ascorbic acid binds with free radicals, preventing them from damaging cells. This damage can cause early aging and even has been linked to some cancers. By taking ascorbic acid, or vitamin C supplements, you are helping prevent these free-radicals, as well as giving your immune system a boost as well. Vitamin C is integral to cellular metabolism as well and a lack of vitamin C can cause a myriad of issues, including scurvy.

Betaine was named this due to the source it was discovered in, Beta vulgaris or sugar beets, is an organic compound that is deemed related to trimethylaminoethanol, or choline. To diversify it from other betaines, trimethylglycine is often called glycine betaine as well. Humans generally ingest betaine through their diet, because it is high in content in wheat, whole wheat, shellfish, sugar beets and spinach. It can also be formed in the human body out of choline. As a potential methyl donor, trimethylglycine, or TMG for short, is in the same provider group with Vitamin B12, the folic acid, choline and S-adenosyl methionine, or SAMe. TMG also plays a vital function in the production of carnitine, furthermore it works in protecting kidneys and the liver.

Calcium, a mineral vital to the human body, Calcium is necessary for many bodily functions, such as muscle contraction, and proper heart function.

Calcium Citrate, calcium salt of citric acid, is one of the forms of the mineral calcium. Calcium is required for a wide array of bodily functions and its deficiency can result in disorders like osteoporosis. In order for the body to continue its daily processes efficiently, a steady level of calcium has to be maintained in the body. If your daily diet does not provide you with the necessary calcium, you may have to resort to calcium citrate or calcium carbonate supplements. While both of them serve the same purpose, calcium citrate has added benefits than calcium carbonate. Not only is it easy on your digestive system but also more easily absorbed. Ideally, not more than 500 mg. should be consumed in a single dose. Dividing the dosage over the course of the day is preferable.

Citrulline Malate is a mixture of the organic salt malate and amino acid citrulline. The inimitable combination provides athletes a potential way to perk up performance, postpone muscle fatigue, and speed up recovery. Citrulline Malate is helpful for everyone taking part in high-intensity workouts, along with cyclists, strength athletes, bodybuilders and some runners. Citrulline helps in the confiscation of endotoxins like ammonia and lactic acid, which can weaken exercise performance. These endotoxins are generated due to extreme physical activity, catabolic states and protein metabolism.

Folate belongs to the B complex group, which is vital for metabolic processes in the body. It decreases levels of amino acid homocysteine in the body, ensuring protection against heart ailments. It also reduces the risk of neural tube and other birth defects like cleft lip and palate, and various congenital heart defects. It provides protection against different forms of cancer and heart disease. It is beneficial in treatment of megaloblastic anemia. It also works as a coenzyme in transfer of formyl and hydroxymethyl groups in various biological systems, and in carbon metabolism. It assists the body in getting rid of homocysteine, a blood toxin affecting heart muscle and making cholesterol deposit in heart muscle. It also prevents stroke and heart attack.

Folic Acid produces healthy red blood cells and prevents anemia in both children and adults. It is especially important in pregnancy and infancy and is also believed to help in the prevention of cancer, stroke and heart disease.

Glutamine Peptides are a combination of two amino acids that are chemically combined. It is L-glutamine commonly bonded together with either L-alanine or L-glycine. Unlike amino acids, it is absorbed and transported through the system faster. Glutamine Peptides plays an important role in protein synthesis and improved protein metabolism. It prevents the breakdown of muscle, and helps in faster recovery of muscles after strenuous workout. It also helps in repairing and building of lean muscles. It increases the secretion of growth hormone levels that helps in metabolising body fat and formation of new muscles. Glutamine Peptides also help in improving the immune system.

Glycine is an amino acid acting as a transmitter of the nerve impulses. It reduces the spinal nerves action by supplying skeletal muscles. Glycine tastes sweet and is hence added to soft drinks so that it masks the aftertaste of saccharin bitterness. This is an organic compound and is found in animal proteins. Glycine takes active participation in the free state in many significant reactions such as the biosynthesis of heme which is indeed one the important constituents of hemoglobin. The glycine defects in metabolism are rare. This acid is however not essential as diet as it can be available from other substances to the body. This was the foremost acid to get isolated from protein. Glycine is employed in pharmaceutical applications. Glycine is sold as United States Pharmacopeia as well as technical grade. However, the USP grade has diverse uses. The technical grade may sometime not reach the standards or USP grade, but is widely used in industrial applications for metal finishing.

Glycocyamine is a compound that is produced when aminocetic acid binds with arginine but is naturally occuring in the human body through the liver. Commercially, glycocyamine is being marketed as a body supplement due to its ability to increase the production of creatine. Most consumers of glycocyamine products are athletes and gym buffs as a creatine substitute. This is because glycocyamine improves muscle mass. On the other hand, it is not recommended for people with epileptic conditions and should be taken only at dosages prescribed. Other names for glycocyamine are guanidinoacetate and guanidine-acetic acid.

Kre-Alkalyn is a creatine with a pH factor over 12. Due to this, it stays steady when it is mixed with a liquid. It is significant as a body building supplement, as the Kre Alkalyn consumed by the bodybuilders stays completely steady and provides strength to muscle cells. The Kre Alkalyn creatine is not required in huge amounts and only up to 3 grams daily of it is enough. Some people experience the problem of bloating with creatine monohydrates, but there is not bloating with Kre Alkalyn. There are also some people who get upset stomach with ordinary creatine. But with Kre Alkalyn, there are no such problems.

L-Citrulline is an organic compound and is an alpha amino acid. It is also a non-essential amino acid meaning it is synthesized within the human body itself. L-Citrulline is a primary element in the urea cycle which is the process by which mammals excrete ammonia. This is done in the mitochondria of cells where ammonia combines with carbon dioxide and ornithine to form citrulline. This Citrulline is carried out to the cytoplasm where it is converted to arginine. This way the ammonia is removed from muscle and liver cells. L-Citrulline s found in high concentrations in the liver and while it is not a component of most proteins found in the body, L-Citrulline is found in specialised proteins in the hair, skin and neural cells. Within the body Lcitrulline is mainly synthesized from glutamine in the intestine.

L-Norvaline is a modified form of Valine, an amino acid found in the body. It promotes the increased production of nitric oxide in the body by blocking the production of arginase, allowing the body to make full use of the raw material required for building energy. Because it has the ability to increase the production of nitric oxide, the muscles are further supplied with larger amounts of blood after a heavy workout. Through the blocking of arginase, the body is able to increase the supply of arginine, which is responsible for the growth of muscular tissues. Arginine also increases the supply of growth hormones and lowers blood pressure. L-Norvaline boosts the immune system and is of great benefit to athletes who follow strict workout schedules.

L-Serine- Serine is an organic compound and a proteinogenic amino acid that is considered a building block for the creation of proteins. This member of the hydroxyl group and a polar amino acid is not essential and therefore it is not necessary to ingest it by means of diet. L-Serine can be synthesized from metabolites such as glycine. L-Serine plays a role in the biosynthesis of pyrimidines and purines, furthermore it is a precursor to many metabolites like sphingolipids and to amino acids like cysteine and glycine. It is also involved in catalytic functions of several enzymes. L-Serine can be transformed into D-Serine by the serine racemase, which functions as a neuronal signal and NMDA receptor activator in the brain, a vital glutamate receptor responsible for memory functions and synaptic plasticity.

L-Tyrosine, a non-essential amino acid that is used to build protein. It is a precursor dopamine, as well as a precursor to norepinephrine and epinephrine. The body makes L-Tyrosine from the amino acid phenylalanine. Since L-Tyrosine is a precursor of Dopamine, it may raise mental alertness, making it of great use in exercise programs.

Magnesium is a mineral that may be found inside most of the cells in the body tissues and organs. It is important in the absorption of calcium and aids in the formation and development of bones and teeth. Magnesium deficient individuals have an increased risk of acquiring osteoporosis; they also have problematic menstrual cycle such as premenstrual syndrome, irregular cycle and dysmenorrhoea. Magnesium helps in maintaining the cardiovascular health and decreases the risk of heart problems. It also prevents gallstones from forming. Magnesium is useful in the treatment of high blood pressure. It is also helpful in treating erectile dysfunction and prostate problems.

Magnesium Orotate works by penetrating the cell membranes to deliver the magnesium ion inside the cells to the mitochondria and the cell nucleus. This causes the magnesium to be more efficient, in effect, it becomes concentrated. Magnesium Orotate activates the production of energy. It also improves the endurance. Magnesium Orotate also helps in improving and treating cardiovascular disorders such as blood vessel stiffness, heart attack, arrhythmias, and atherosclerosis. It helps in keeping the blood vessels healthy and supple, ensuring that the blood is able to flow properly. It also helps in maintaining the blood sugar at the proper level. Magnesium Orotate improves the symptoms of osteoporosis, chronic lung disease, and dementia.

Phosphatidylserine is present in all cells, especially in the cell membranes which protect them and help in the absorption of nutrients and disposal of wastes from cells. Phosphatidylserine reduces depression and improves mental abilities of the aged. It is used in treating people suffering from Alzheimer’s disease. It is also used as a brain booster and helps to improve memory and the overall functioning of the brain for all ages. Phosphatidylserine is used by athletes as it is believed to assist muscle building and repair due to damage caused by excessive exercising or soreness. It is also linked with reducing stress. It is found in meats, poultry and some vegetables especially white beans. Before using this supplement obtained from soybeans, consulting a physician is recommended.

Potassium- Potassium is one of the essential minerals required for proper physiological functioning of the body. It plays an important role in the regulation of heart muscles. It helps to convert glucose to glycogen. Glycogen is essential for muscle formation. Potassium also helps to propagate nerve impulses by exchanging ion within cells and also helps in muscle contractions. It helps in balancing blood pressure. It controls the proper functioning of kidney. An average adult needs 3-5 gm of potassium daily. Due to deficiency of potassium, body observes tiredness. Other deficiency symptoms are weakness of muscles, low blood pressure, vomiting, poor kidney functions and Heart arrhythmias. Severe potassium shortages quickly direct to electrolyte disproportion which involves malfunctioning of nerves, kidney and heart.

Potassium Aspartate acts as a trasporter of minerals that plays an important role in the metabolism. This ensures that the body is able to efficiently utilize vitamins and minerals in the body. It also helps in the transmission of nerve impulses, particularly to the muscles that prompt it to relax after contraction. It also aids in protein synthesis and carbohydrate metabolism. It helps in converting the blood sugar into energy. It also aids in the secretion of insulin that also regulates blood sugar level. It also balances the acidity in the body and in the muscles that helps in improving the endurance. Potassium Aspartate regulates the blood pressure, reducing the risk of hypertension, heart attack, and other such cardiovascular problems.

Potassium Citrate consists of potassium salt of citric acid. It is commonly used as food additives to reduce acidity. In medicines, it is used to treat kidney stone that is caused by either uric acid or cystine. It works by attaching to calcium in the urine, thus, preventing mineral crystals to form and develop into kidney stones. It also reduces the urine acidity to prevent the formation of uric acid and cystine kidney stones. Potassium Citrate also helps in treating diabetes by aiding with proper function of pancreas that regulates the insulin levels. It also helps in balancing the calcium in the body, preventing osteoporosis. It is also known to aid in the proper functioning of the heart, protecting against cardiovascular diseases.

Sodium is the element that has the atomic number 11 in the periodic table and is commonly known as the main component in the table salt, together with chloride. Interestingly enough, it is probably the one dietary component which does require limitation rather than supplementation, since that average daily nutritional requirement is around half a gram per day. This most popular food seasoning, salt, is providing the most common source of sodium and chloride in human diets, but is generally overused and may cause health problems, such as high blood pressure, if consumed overly generously. The suggested dose of table salt, or rather the upper limit portion, would be somewhat less than 6 gram per day, according to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, referenced by FDA. In the UK this limit is set at four grams per day.

Sodium Citrate is a salt associated with critic acid. It occurs naturally in a variety of foods, including many fruits. It is also an intermediate product of aerobic metabolism in the human body. When consumed in food or produced in the body, sodium citrate quickly degrades into sodium bicarbonate, which functions as an acid buffer. Some studies suggest that taking sodium citrate as a dietary supplement before high-intensity exercise delays fatigue by increasing the availability of sodium bicarbonate in the muscles.

Taurine is an amino acid that the body usually has lots of. It can be found both in the nervous system as well as the muscles. Its job amongst other things is to assist in the releasing of brain neurotransmitters.

Vitamin B12 is a water-souble member of the vitamin B complex. Requirements are in the microgram range, which is lower than the milligram range of the other B vitamins. Vitamin B12 is involved in the production of red blood cells and is usually known as the anti-anemia vitamin.

Vitamin B6 is soluble in water and is essential for good health. Our nervous system is dependent on this vitamin to function properly. It keeps the thymus, lymph nodes and the spleen that make white blood cells healthy, through cellular growth and protein metabolism. A deficiency in this vitamin can lead to a weakened ability to fight infections and will weaken the immune system. Vitamin B6 helps in the formation of Hemoglobin which increases the oxygen that is carried to the tissues. A deficiency can cause a type of anemia. Vitamin B6 helps to convert carbohydrates and other nutrients into glucose which maintains the sugar levels in our blood stream. Vitamin B6 is available in meat, fish, fortified cereals, poultry, some fruits and vegetables.

Vitamin C is an obvious essential nutrient and a deficiency of this will cause scurvy. It is also an antioxidant and acts as an electron donor for eight different enzymes.

Vitamin E is an antioxidant that is known for protecting the tissues of the body from damage caused by free radicals.

Vitamin E Acetate or tocopheryl acetate is used as a supplement in products. Chemically it forms by the esterification of tocopherol (vitamin E) with acetic acid, a process in which double bonded oxygen is introduced between the tocopherol and acetic acid. It is used in cosmetic preparations. Using tocopheryl acetate instead of simply tocopherol (vitamin E) to supplement the products is based on the fact that the molecule of tocopherol has a free phenolic hydroxyl group which makes it acidic. The esterification process blocks this group and the product is thus less acidic and compatible with the pH required for the skin.